Hoisting and conveying mechanism.



G. A. MORRIS.

HOISTING AND CONVEYING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 3, 1909.

949,96 1 Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

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HOISTING AND commune MECHANISM.

I APPLIGATION FILED MAR. 3, 1909.

949,96 1 Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

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HOISTING AND CONVEYING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 3, 1909.

Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

3 SREETS-SHEET 3.

I N VEN TOR C/zm"Ze.s /4.-%rrs M ZM I -ATTORNEYS) ANDREW n. GRAHAM co. PHOTO-LHNOGRAPHERS, WASHINGTON. 0.1;.

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CHARLES A. MORRIS, OF MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY.

I-IOISTING AND CONVEYING MECHANISM.

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Application filed. March 3, 1909.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. MORRIS, a citizen of the United States, residing in Montclair, county of Essex, and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Hoisting and Conveying Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is a hoisting and conveying mechanism, particularly adapted for performing one or more of the operations of excavating or dredging, loading, hoisting, conveying, and discharging or unloading, and, as will be well understood, is capable of use in various arts, and for manifold purposes, such as for handling excavated material, in loading, unloading and conveying ore, coal, and merchandise generally, for filling piers with earth or other material, for conveying material excavated by a dredge or other machine to a desired place of deposit, such as for filling in behind bulk heads or crib work, and, generally for handling materials, etc. The devices heretofore used for these, and similar, purposes have embodied what may be generically termed a load-carrying device, 2'. 6., a bucket, sling or skip, two cables for manipulating or operating said load-carrying device, a carriage or trolley supported by, and adapted to run on, a track, and cooperating cables adapted to manipulate the carriage and the load-carrying device. Said cables are operated by power-driven drums, one of which imparts movement to one cable, and the other drum to the companion cable. Said mechanisms perform the functions, generically, of raising and lowering the load without imparting movement to the carriage.

For giving movement to the carriage, whereby the load is transferred from one locality to another, it isv the practice to employ, in conjunction with the foregoing mechan ism, two additional cables, and two drums for operating said cables. It thus appears that the systems of the character specified embody as essential elements, in addition to others, four cables, eachof which is operated by a power driven drum. It is customary to employ two engines for operating the drums, one engine being utilized to operate the two drums over which travel the two cables cooperating with the load-carrying device, and the other engine for operating the two drums over which travel the two cables used for imparting movement to the carriage, although, in some instances, one

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

Serial No. 481,065.

engine is employed to operate three of the specified drums, and the other engine to operate the remaining drum.

In the present invent-ion, there are employed only three cables, namely, a carriage controlling cable to which movement is imparted by the travel of the carriage, and two other cables, each of which is power driven, for manipulating the load-carrying device, either of said cables being adapted to impart traveling movement to the carriage and the load; the movement of the carriage, and the load when hoisted, being dependent upon the angle between the line of direction of the load and the direction of pull on the hauling cable, or in other words, upon the result of the two forces acting on the sheave over which said cable passes. It will thus be observed that, in contradistinction to the prior art, the carriage-controlling cable of my invention is not operated by, or directly connected with, an engine, or power operated drum.

Many advantages result from the modifications in structure specified, and among which may be enumerated, first, simplicity in construction in that fewer cables are employed, thereby not only effecting very considerable economy in the amount of cable used, but, also, a very material saving in power owing to the great reduction in the weight of cable; second, in the dispensing with at least one engine, and using only a single engine as the power element of the system; third, facility and ease in operation and positive control owing to the fact that power is derived from a unitary source or single motor, and, fourth, pronounced econ omy in installation and maintenance.

The carriage-controlling cable before referred to, cooperates with a controlling device, whereby the cable may be held fast or it may be permitted to have a certain amount of slip, as desired, thereby retaining the carriage at a desired or predetermined point, to permit of the load-carrying device being raised and lowered while the carriage is thus arrested.

In one embodiment of the invention, the carriage-controlling cable is of the endless type, and it cooperates, preferably, with a means for securing friction control, such as a loose drum or idler adapted to be held against rotation or movement by suitable mechanism, such as a brake, which may be operated manually or otherwise. In a further embodiment of the invention, the

. carriage-controlling cable may be anchored tion, both in structure and function, other than those heretofore enumerated, will appear from the hereinafter detailed description thereof.

In the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated different practical embodiments of the invention, but the constructions shown therein are to be understood as illustrative, only, and not as defining the limits of the invention.

Figure 1 is an elevation of my invention embodied in a cableway. Fig. 2 is an elevation of a cableway illustrating another embodiment of the invention wherein a carriage-controlling cable is adapted to be fixed relative to the carriage and the track by gripping mechanism which cooperates with said track. Fig. 3 .is an elevation of a port-- able derrick embodying the invention. Fig. 4 is an elevation of a stationary derrick or crane adapted to serve the purposes of a loading or unloading apparatus in connection with storage pockets or bins on a pier and with a barge or lighter. Fig. 5 is a detail view illustrating one form of friction controlling device associated with the endless carriage -controlling cable of the mechanisms illustrated in Figs. 1, 3 and 4. Fig. 6 is a detail View, in side elevation, of the gripping mechanism which is movable with the load-carriage and is adapted for cooperation with an anchored carriage-controlling cable of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 2.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, A, A designate suitable towers which may be installed to occupy stationary positions at the respective sides of an excavation, or said towers may be of a portable nature by supporting them on tracks, in which case, a suitable power operated mechanism is employed in a manner well known to the art for propelling the towers along the tracks. B designates an elevated track which in the apparatus shown is a cable spanning the excavation and running through the towers, the end portions of said cable being anchored in the towers or at proper points beyond the respective towers, as is well understood. On this track is supported a cardevice, E, upwardly over sheave, 0, thence toward the right from carriage, C, to, and over sheave, f, in tower, A, and thence downwardly to and around one spool, G, of a pair of spools or drums, G, G, said drums being operated in a well known manner by an engine, H, or other power contrivance. Cable, D, extends upwardly from load-carrying device, E, over sheave, 0 thence from carriage, C, toward the left in Fig. l, to and around sheave, f, in tower, A, thence above track cable, B, to and over sheave, F, in tower, A, and thence downwardly to and around the other drum, G, of the pair of power operated drums, G, G.

Load-carrying device, E, may be of any suitable type known to the art, such as a ski or a sling on which the load is deposited by hand, or otherwise, or its may be an excavating self-loading bucket of the class known asa clam shell bucket or an orange peel bucket. A self-loading bucket is shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4 of the drawings, and cables, D, D, are represented as arranged in the following manner: cable, D, is coiled on or attached to the pulley which controls the movable sections of the bucket for the purpose of opening and clos ing the latter, whereas cable, D, is attached to the head of the bucket. Said cables, D, D, cooperate in suspending the bucket, or other load-carrying device, from the car riage, and they operate, also, to open and close the members of a sectional bucket in the well known manner.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 1, I employ a carriagecontrolling cable, I, which is endless. Said cable, I, has one end thereof attached to carriage, C, at one end, from thence the cable extends to and around a spool or drum, J, thence it extends to and around a sheave, J, and thence back to carriage, C, whereby the respective ends of said endless cable are fastened to the opposite ends of carriage, C. sheave, J, is supported in the upper part of tower, A, whereas drum or spool, J, is supported in the upper part of tower, A, whereby cable, I, is held above track cable, B. Drum or spool, J, is an idler, that is, it is not operated directly by engine, H, nor has it any connection with a power operated mechanism.

Vith said drum or spool, J, is associated means for restraining it from rotation, whereby the endless cable and the carriage may be restrained against movement. Said cable, I, is wrapped one or more times around spool, J, for the purpose of securing good frictional engagement therewith, and said spool is provided with a brake surface, with which cooperates a movable brake member, J Spool or drum, J, is supported on tower, A, so as to be near engine, H, and the operator. Brake member, J is shown as a band brake which is adapted to be forced into tight frictional engagement with surface, j, of spool, J, by suitable mechanical means, such as a lever, J, from which extends an operating line or connection, j, the latter being anchored or secured in a position convenient for access by the operator.

The operation of the cableway shown in Fig. 1 is as follows: rrssmning that the bucket is opened and resting on the ground, the carriage occupies a position directly over the excavation and the bucket, and carriage-controlling cable, I, is held against movement by the friction brake engaging with drum or spool, J. Then it is desired to raise bucket, E, and its load, the operator starts motor, H, for the purpose of operating spool, G. The rotation of said spool will wind cable, D, thereon and said cable will pull on the bucket pulley and close the members of said bucket, whereby the bucket is loaded simultaneously with the operation of closing its members, When this is accomplished, a friction brake is worked by the operator to impose frictional control on drum, G, and the engine now operates said drums, G G, for the purpose of winding cables, D, D, equally thereon, whereupon the bucket will be raised in a perpendicular direction until it reaches a proper point below carriage, C. W'hen it is desired to transport the load and the bucket toward tower, .r, the operator slackens the pull on line, 7", for the purpose of releasing brake from spool, J, then the brake is released from spool, G, and the engine operates spool, G, for the purpose of coiling cable, D, thereon. The pull of cable, D, on carriage, C, and the free movement permitted cables, D, I, by spools, G, J, will result in carriage, G, and the load being hauled toward the right, such traveling movement of the carriage being due, mainly. to the pull of cable, D, and the weight of the suspended load resulting in the imposition of stress upon carriage sheave, 0, the direction of such stress being at an angle to the opposing forces, thereby insuring the movement of the carriage and load along track or cable, B, under proper conditions, when the load reaches a predetermined height. llpon reaching the point of discharge, the operator manipulates line, j, and brake, J so as to restrain spool, J, from rotation, thus arresting the continued movement of cable, I, as well as cable, D. The motor is now stopped and drums, G, G, are released, thus permitting cables, D, D, to lower the bucket and its load to any desired point. The bucket is opened by applying brake to drum, G, for arresting the movement of cable, D, and the cable, D, is permitted to move sufliciently for the jaws of the bucket to open autoi'natically and deposit the load at the place of discharge. The bucket and carriage are now returned to their working positions by applying a brake mechanism to spool, G, and the motor is operated for the purpose of hoisting the bucket to any desired position below the carriage. The brake on spool, G, is now released and the engine continues to operate spool, G, for the purpose of winding cable, I), thereon, whereby the carriage is pulled toward the left until it reaches a proper point over the excavation. The operator now applies brake, J'-, to spool, J, for the purpose of again stopping the carriage by arresting the movement of cable, I, and the bucket is lowered into the excavation by stopping the engineand allowing drums, G, G, to run idly, whereupon cables, D, D, will lower the bucket to resume the oper ation of reloading said bucket with the material to be excavated. Should it be desired to discharge the material at or near tower, A, the bucket, when loaded, is hoisted to a proper position below carriage, C, and drmn, G, is placed under friction control, whereas the engine will operate drum, G, for the purpose of coiling cable, D, on said drum thereby hauling the carriage and the load toward the left in Fig. 1, whereupon the operations of lowering and emptying the bucket are repeated.

The general arrangement of parts shown in Fig. 2 is similar to that illustrated and described in connection with Fig. 1, except that carriage locking rope, I, is relatively stationary with respect to carriage, C, the towers, A, A, track cable, B, and haulage cables, D, D, are the same as heretofore described. Instead of placing the means for controlling cable, I, on the towers, or either of them, the restraining means is movable with the carriage, Q. As shown in Figs. 2 and 6, the carriage is equipped with a gripper, K, which is adapted for engagement with track cable, B, and this gripper is operated by a lever arm, K, having a weight, Zt, whereby the weighted lever normally closes the gripper for the purpose of holding it in engagement firm] with track cable, B, thus restraining carriage, C, from movement. Said lever, K, is provided with a sheave, 7.1 and the car riage is provided with sheaves, Z3, 7;". Carriage locking cable, I, is anchored at one end, as at 2', on tower, A, said cable ex-' tending from its point of anchorage around sheave, in, to and beneath sheave, 7J thence upwardly and over sheave, thence over a direction pulley, .2 on tower, A, whereby said cable, I, is extended to a point within convenient reach of the operator for the engine and the drums. When it is desired to lock the carriage and the load at any point on track, B, the operator slackens on cable, I, and weighted lever, K, operates the gripper, K, thus locking said gripper on the track cable and precluding movement of the carriage, whereby the load may be raised or lowered according to the position of said carriage and the load. But when it is desired to transport the load along the track cable, after elevating the bucket to the desired height, the operator exerts strain on cable, I, either through the agency of a winch head or other mechanical appliance, thereby placing tension on said cable, I, for the purpose of raising weighted lever, K, whereupon gripper, K, opened and the carriage is thus adapted to travel in one direction or the other on track, B, by the pull of one cable or other, I) or D, according to the direction in which it is desired to transport the load and discharge the same. If desired, the construction of the gripping mechanism may be modified so as to reverse the operations of gripping and releasing, i. 6., the gripper may be opened by weighted lever and closed by strain imposed on cable, I.

Fig. 3 of the drawings illustrates a portable boom embodying my invention. Said boom is shown as mounted on a marine vessel, L, which is adapted to lie alongside a pier, Z. A crane or derrick is employed, and it has the usual mast, L, and swinging jib, L the latter being pivoted at Z. Said jib, L is adapted to be raised or lowered by a cable, Z which runs over a direction sheave, Z said cable leading downwardly to an engine or motor. An important element of my new apparatus consists of a boom, M, the latter being disposed in a desired position with reference to vessel, L, and pier or dock, Z. The boom may occupy a horizontal position, as shown, or it may be inclined at a desired angle. The boom may be of any suitable length, and as shown it extends over vessel, L, and pier, Z. As shown, the boom, M, is composed of sections, m, preferably of channel iron, said sections being bolted rigidly together, at m, whereby the sections are held in alinement. The length of the boom may be increased by the addition of one or more sections, which may be bolted thereto, or said boom may be decreased in length by the removal of one or more sections, m. The material composing the boom, and the size thereof, are, however, not important parts of the invention. The sectional construction of the boom, whereby its operative length may be Varied, is a material part of the portable derrick structure, for the reason that the apparatus can thereby be adapted to work of different kinds. Carriage, C is constructed to travel on the track afforded by the boom, and said carriage is equipped with sheaves, c, 0 over which extend cables, D, D, for hoisting and operating bucket, E. Boom, M, is suspended from the outer or free end of pivoted jib, L and to this end I employ a suspending ring or eye, M, to which is connected a block, n, adapted to receive a fall rope, N, one end of the fall rope being anchored on a block, a, which is suspended from pivoted jib, L Said fall rope extends downwardly from block, a, through block, '11,, thence upwardly through block, a, and thence downwardly to a point within convenient reach of the operator, whereby the fall rope may be manipulated for the purpose of raising or lowering the suspending ring and the boom. Said ring is provided wit-h a plurality of hanger cables, mflwhich are fastened to suspending ring, M, and to the separable sections of boom, d. A suitable number of stay or guide wires, m may be attached to the boom for the purpose of steadying it in the desired adjustable position. Cable, D, extends from bucket, E, or other load carrying device, upwardly over sheave, 0, and thence to the right of boom, M, thence upwardly around sheave, 0, thence upwardly to and around a fall block, 0, suspended from the head of swinging jib, L and thence to and around drum, G, adapted to be operated by suitable power. The other cable, D, extends from the head of bucket, E, upwardly over sheave, 0 thence close to the bottom side of boom, M, and toward the left from carriage, C thence around the direction sheave, 79, at the left hand part of boom, M, thence upwardly and over a fall block, 7), suspended from the upward partof pivoted arm, L and thence downwardly to and around drum, G, adapt ed to be operated by power. Endless cable, I, is fastened at its respective ends to the opposite sides of carriage, C and said cable passes around sheaves, g, g, mounted on boom, Pill, near the respective ends thereof and preferably within sheaves, 0, 2), respectively. Said endless cable, I", is Wrapped one or more times around spool or drum, J, with which is associated a brake mechanism, the lever of which, J is controlled by a line, Q. Said line is fastened to the lever and extends upwardly to and around a fall block, suspended from ring, M, and from this fall block the line, Q, extends to a suitable point adapted to be controlled by the operator.

The operation of the portable derrick is quite similar to that of the cableways heretofore described. The sections, m, may be assembled in alinement quickly to produce a track of the desired length, said track or boom, M, being the mechanical equivalent of cable, B, forming the track of the cableway. The boom is suspended by ring, M, and stays, m and said boom may be raised or lowered by operating fall rope, Q, while the boom may be swung to a desired posit-ion by adjusting pivoted arm, L or rotating the mast, L, in a well known manner. The carriage, C having been adjusted on the boom, the parts are rigged in the manner shown and described to place them in operative positions. Gables, D, D, are operated by power driven drums, G, G, for hoisting the bucket and load, transporting thesame along the track afforded by boom, M, and for discharging the load at the proper point. Cable, I spool, J and brake mechanism are controlled by line, Q, for the purpose of retaining carriage, C in position at the loading, unloading, or other desired points.

The apparatus of Fig. 4 is designed to be installed at a fixed point on a pier or dock, R, the latter being equipped with pockets, 0", for the storage of loose material, such as coal or ore. Above the pockets is a track, 1", on which operates a dumping car, It, the latter being loaded with material from bucket, E. Cables, D, D, extend from the bucket to the sheaves of carriage, C the latter being supported on a boom, M, which is pivotally supported at s on mast, S. The outer end of boom overhangs a barge, R and said end is suspended in position by stays, 8, attached to mast, S. The friction drum, J, is supported on mast, S, above boom, M, and from this drum extend the respective lengths of endless carriage controlling cable, I, the same being guided by sheaves, q, q, on boom, M, and having its end portions fastened to the respective ends of carriage, C The brake associated with drum, J, is operated by line, Q, extending to a suitable place or means of control. Cable, D, extends from the carriage over sheave, t, at the inner end of boom, and from thence down to power operated drum, G. The other cable, D, extends around sheave, t, at the outer end of boom, thence upwardly to and around pulley, t and thence downwardly to other power operated drum, G. The operation of this embodiment of the invention is similar to the other systems shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and will be readily understood from the preceding description.

Having thus fully described the invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a loadsup,porting carriage, power operated means for manipulating the load and for moving the carriage in either a forward or backward direction, and a carriage controlling cable independent of the said power operated means, said cable operating to retain the carriage at a desired point in its travel.

2. I11 a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a carriage, a load-carrying device, power operated means for manipulating the load-carrying device and for imparting movement in either a backward or forward direction to said carriage, a carriage-controlling cable independent of said power operated means, and means for placing tension on said cable whereby it is held against movement.

3. In a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a carriage, a load-carrying device, power operated means for manipulating the load-carrying device and for imparting movement to said carriage, an endless carriage-controlling cable cooperating with said carriage, and means for rest-raining said cable against movement.

4. In a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a carriage, a load carrying device, power operated means for manipulating the load carrying device and for imparting movement to said carriage, an endless carriage-controlling cable to which movement is imparted by the travel of the carriage, and means for retaining said cable at a desired point whereby the carriage is held against movement.

5. In a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a carriage, a load-carrying device, power operated means for manipulating the load-carrying device and for imparting movement to said carriage, an endless carriagecont-rolling cable to which movement is imparted by the travel of the carriage, a friction drum over which the endless cable travels, and means for locking the drum against movement.

6. In a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a carriage, a load-carrying device, power operated means for manipulating the load-carrying device and for imparting movement to said carriage, an endless carriage-controlling cable to which movement is imparted by the travel of the carriage, and manually operated means for retaining the endless cable against movement whereby the carriage may be held at any desired point in its travel.

7 In a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a carriage, a load-carrying device, power operated means for manipulating the load-carrying device and for imparting movement to said carriage, an endless carriagecontrolling cable to which movement is imparted by the travel of the carriage, and mechanism independent of said power operated means for controlling the movement of said endless cable whereby the carriage may be held at a desired point in its travel.

8. In a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a carriage, a load-carrying device, two power driven cables for manipulating the load carrying device and for imparting movement to both the carriage and the loadcarrying device, and a third cable independent of said power driven cables and to which movement is imparted by the travel of the carriage.

9. In a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a carriage, a load-carrying device, two power driven cables for manipulating the load carrying device and for imparting movement to both the carriage and the loadcarrying device, a third cable independent of said power driven cables and to which move ment is imparted by the travel of the carriage, and means for restraining said third cable against movement whereby the carriage may be held at a desired point.

10. In a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a carriage, a load-carrying device, two power driven cables for manipulating the load-carrying device and for imparting movement to both the carriage and the loadcarrying device, one of said cables extending in one direction from the carriage, and the other extending in an opposite direction from the carriage, and a third cable independent of the power driven cables and to which movement is impart-ed by the travel of the carriage.

11. In a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a boom, means for supporting the boom, a carriage supported on the boom for movement thereon, a load-carrying device, power operated means for imparting movement in a forward and backward direction to the carriage and for operating the load-carrying device, and mechanism disconnected from said power operated means for holding the carriage at a desired point in its travel on the boom.

12. In a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a crane or derrick, a boom supported thereby, a carriage adapted to travel on said boom, a load-carrying device, power mechanism for imparting movement to the carriage and the load-carrying device, a cable to which movement is imparted by the carriage, and means for restraining the movement of said cable whereby the carriage may be stopped at a desired point.

13. In a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a crane or derrick, a boom supported thereby, means for raising and lowering the boom, a carriage adapted to travel on said boom, a load-carrying device, power mechanism for imparting movement in either a forward or backward direction to said carriage and for operating the load-carrying device, a cable disconnected from said power operated means and to which movement is imparted by the carriage, and means for restraining the movement of said cable whereby the carriage may be stopped at a desired point.

ll. In a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a crane or derrick, a boom suspended therefrom, said boom being composed of detachably connected sections whereby its length may be varied, a carriage adapted to travel on the boom, a load-carrying device, and means for operating the carriage and the load-carrying device.

15. In a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a crane or derrick, a boom composed of detachably connected sections whereby the operative length of said boom may be varied, means for suspending the boom from the crane or derrick, means for raising or lowering the boom, a carriage adapted to travel on the boom, a load-carrying device, and means for operating the carriage and the load-carrying device.

16. In a hoisting and conveying mechanism, a crane or derrick, a boom suspended from said crane or derrick for vertical adjustment with respect thereto, a carriage supported by the boom for traveling movement thereon, a load-carrying device, power operated cables for manipulating the loadcarrying device and for imparting movement to the carriage and to said device, a carriage-controlling cable independent of the power operated cables and cooperating with the carriage, and means for frictionally controlling said carriage controlling cable whereby the carriage may be held at a desired point on said boom.

17. In a hoisting'and conveying mechanism, a track, a carriage movable back and forth thereon, a load carrying device, power operated cables extending in opposite directions from the carriage, said cables operating to impart movement in one direction or the other to the carriage and the load-carrying device and operating, also, to raise or lower said load carrying device, and a carriage controlling cable independent of the power operated mechanism, said carriage controlling cable being so related to the carriage that when strain is imposed on the cable the carriage and the load will be pre eluded from traveling lengthwise of thetrack.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES A. MORRIS.

Vitnesses JAs. I-I. GRIFFIN, H. T. BERNI-IARD. 

